You Are What Your Mother Eats - How Diet During Pregnancy Affects Health

Alicia just found out that she is pregnant with her firstvitamins and minerals, at increased levels over other
child. She is glad that she stopped smoking a fewage groups. During pregnancy, the women need
years back. She knows that studies have shown thatadditional nutrients. Women need: 1000 mg of calcium,
smoking during pregnancy may influence whether or18 mg of iron, 25 grams of fiber and Omega-3 fatty
not a woman's child will be a smoker as well (Source:acids (Source: Tsang, 2007).
Science Daily 2006) She is also glad that she wasBest Sources of Protein for Pregnancy
never much of a drinker. She is worried about her dietThere are two sources of protein, animal products and
and the fact that she is already overweight. Sheplant products. While animal protein is complete,
knows what all of the studies say about obesity andmeaning that it has all of the eight essential amino
pregnancy, including:acids that the body needs, most animal sources also
- A high-fat diet during pregnancy may play a role inhave higher calorie counts as well as higher saturated
leading to an early onset of puberty and may also playfats amounts. Plant proteins are not complete, meaning
a major role in subsequent adulthood obesity.that they lack one or more of these essential amino
- Junk food during pregnancy and/or breastfeedingacids, but typically are lower in calories and saturated
may play a major role in the child's weight in adulthood.fats. Plant proteins also tend to be higher in dietary
- Mothers may be passing on a defective gene thatfiber than animal proteins, making them even more
can lead to diabetes in the child later in life.beneficial.
In addition to trying to get to and stay at a normalThere are good and bad sources for both plant and
weight throughout life, it is vitally important during theanimal proteins. The best animal proteins, especially for
childbearing years for the health of the mother and thepregnancy, include salmon and other cold water fishes
unborn child. Overweight and obese mothers may bewhich supply lean protein as well as Omega-three
putting their child at an increased risk of developingfatty acids. Pregnant women should discuss fish with
health issues that include obesity for themselves, highertheir doctors, however, especially certain fish that may
levels of cholesterol and blood sugar. The effects arebe dangerously high in mercury.
worse for girl babies than for boys. A study that wasTurkey, especially roasted, skinless turkey breast, is
conducted in London showed that rats that were fedhigh in protein, low in calories and saturated fat and
a diet high in fats, sugar and salt during theircan be used in a number of recipes as a substitute for
pregnancies had offspring that showed a distinctfattier meats. Steer clear of dark meat turkey which
preference to junk food and were much more likely tohas a higher fat count. Using ground turkey in place of
overeat than their peers whose mothers were not fedother ground meats in recipes can be a good idea,
this type of diet.however, make sure that you are reading the label
The study further showed that even after the ratscarefully. Some brands use the whole turkey, including
were weaned from the junk food diets, their bodies'dark meat and skin, and can be nearly as high in fat as
metabolized foods differently and the effects of thelean beef. Your ground turkey should be breast meat
foods were still seen. In the study, male offspring of(without the skin) only. If you cannot find it, then grind
the junk food-fed mothers had high levels of insulin butyour own.
normal levels of glucose, while females had high levelsOther good animal protein sources include low fat
of blood glucose but normal levels of insulin and weredairy, especially hard cheeses, yogurts and milk, which
fatter than the males. The girl rats had higher levels ofhave other benefits including calcium and vitamin D.
leptin than the males. Leptin is a hormone which isYogurt also has beneficial live cultures that promote
related to the appetite; females are more susceptiblethe good bacteria that should live in the intestinal tract.
to the effects of leptin than males.If these good bacteria are thrown out of balance for
Males, on the other hand, are more sensitive to theany reason, the woman can develop infections,
effects of insulin. Both females and males canincluding in the urinary tract, a common occurrence in
become resistant to leptin or insulin respectively, whichpregnancy.
in turn leads to an increased risk of overeating, weightGood plant-based proteins include soy and soy
gain and the associated weight gain (Source Scienceproducts (miso, tempeh, and tofu), soy being the only
Daily: 2008).complete plant-based protein, as well as beans, grains
Pregnancy is not a time for dieting, however, even ifand rice. Nuts and seeds are also good plant-based
the mother is overweight. Making sure that there areproteins. Each of the plant-based proteins lacks one or
enough nutrients in the diet is important for a numbermore amino acids and should be eaten in combinations
of reasons. Overall, caloric intake must be increasedthat make up for this lack.
by around 500 calories to support the growing fetus,Protein supplements like Profect and Proasis, from
however, in an overweight mother that amount mightProtica, are also good choices for the pregnant
be reduced and in an underweight mother it might bewoman. Another benefit of a small protein shot is
increased. Protein intake should be increased, with aduring early pregnancy when it can help to deal with
minimum of 60 grams (more with twins) required formorning sickness. Profect and Proasis (the first
both physical growth and cellular development of theall-natural protein supplement) are small,
baby, the placenta, the amniotic sac and the increasingeasy-to-consume supplements that have 25 grams of
maternal tissues.protein per 100 calorie serving. There are a number of
Protein is also vital during pregnancy because therefreshing, fruit-based flavors, and both Profect and
blood volume is increased by 50%, and protein is usedProasis come in a number of different strengths as
to make new blood cells and circulating proteins. Duringwell. They are more convenient to take along and can
lactation, the protein intake should remain elevated bybe stashed in a bedside table so that there is no need
20 grams over the average dietary amount. Protein isto try to mix a protein shake while feeling queasy in
most important during the second and third trimester,the early morning. In fact, if she keeps a supplement by
when the baby grows the fastest (Source: Medioher bedside, a pregnant woman can consume it
Consult Nutrition Services).before even getting up for the day.
Women of childbearing age need nutrients, including