History of Gumbo and Cajun Fare

The "Cajuns" of Southern Louisiana originally obtainedand add to the menu.
their name from their ancestors, a group of FrenchNew Orleans has always been the capital of Creole
peasants that settled in the "Acadian" region of theand Cajun cooking, and had established a reputation as
Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia around 1604. By 1755such by the early 19th century. Antoine's Restaurant
they had grown to a population around 15,000, and likeopened in the French Quarter in 1840, and is still
most people in like regions lived on standard crops,located in the French Quarter today.
garden variety vegetables and whatever livestockThis brief history would not be complete without my
they could raise, wild game they could kill, and fishing.own special offering recipe of Cajun Gumbo which I
Ultimately they were forced out of Nova Scotia by thestill make about twice a year. Each time I make it, I try
British, and originally sent south to Maryland, someto keep it down to one 3 gallon pot, but invariably, it
shipped off to France, and ultimately to Louisiana sincegrows to at least a 5 gallon pot, sometimes two.
it was predominately French owned at the time. The2 lbs. fresh skinned chicken breasts
name "Acadian" was shortened to "Cajun" by the1 lb. andouille sausage (cubed)
English people living in Louisiana at the time, and1/2 lb. catfish or redfish
predominately treated as a unique ethnic group since1/2 lb. crawfish
they were primarily transplants and not locals.1 lb. Crab legs
The government in the area was Spanish at the time,1 lb. shrimp (large)
and they opted to relocate the transplanted immigrants6 cups okra
outside the populated areas more into the countryside.3 cups rice
However, the Acadians had issues trying to grow the1 cup beans
same crops in the river bottoms and heat of Louisiana.Tbs. Salt
These settlers rapidly grew into a dual class system.Tbs. Pepper
The upper class being crop planters growing cottonTbs. Tabasco
and sugar, then rice. The lower class became more1 bag seafood seasoning (this is a bag of seasonings,
like small farmers. The upper class of "Creaoles"that you insert into the pot during cooking time) I
adopted slavery to maintain their large properties ofgenerally remove about 3/4 through cooking so it
farm land.doesn't over flavor.
As the upper class became more prosperous, theyFirst of all, brown the chicken in a black skillet, using a
squeezed the poorer Acadians out and forced themlot of shortening (about 1") remove chicken when
into the less desirable swamps of Louisiana. It wasbrowned, and set aside chicken to cut into bite sized
much more difficult to make a living and grow cropschunks.
and livestock in these muddy lands and murky waters.The fat used in roux should be shortening but you can
But these waters held an abundance of wild game,use oil if trying to be healthy. Combine fat with an equal
and everything from Alligators to turtles, fish, crawfish,amount of flour, Melt the fat in a black skillet over low
deer, squirrel and wild pigs were easy to harvest forheat. When warm and fluid, sprinkle the flour in a little at
sustenance. Since the Cajun kitchens were simple,a time, stirring. Stir constantly until brown (this may take
most had a large pot that held a continuous storage of20 to 30 minutes, and has taken me an hour at times)
contributions that the family members and neighborsimmediately remove from heat or add ingredients your
caught or killed in the course of a day that wouldrecipe calls for. If it burns even slightly, throw it out and
simply be added to the pot. The addition of vegetablesstart over again. I have used store bought Roux, but it
such as corn, beans, and rice when available were anever tastes the same.
welcome addition to any pot.Bring a large pot of water to a boil, add the roux and
Eventually flour was introduced to the menu whichstir thoroughly. Then put heat on slow simmer where it
allowed the introduction of a "Roux" to the mix. Andbarely bubbles. Then add the meats. Hold off on the
since these people were far from central areas andShrimp and crab until an hour or so before serving, or
townships, gatherings would often include dancing, drink,you'll over cook it. Some people cook the rice
and the occasional brawl. Cajun food was a simpleseparately and serve it on top of the Gumbo. I prefer
version of Creole. It was spicier as peppers wereto cook it in the Gumbo, but be careful because it is
added to enhance the flavor of the wild meats andeasy to over use, and soaks up all of the juice. I
vegetables, and lack of natural spices were notgenerally prepare the Gumbo the night before and let it
available. Creole foods introduced some of the richersimmer all night, but be VERY careful. I have woke up
foods such as Shrimp Creole and Crawfish Etoufee.the next day to an entire scorched pot of Gumbo, and
However, crawfish was really not introduced into thehad to start over...
diet until sometime in the 1940's. Prior to that time, itPS. Serve with large amounts of fresh bread and
was primarily used as bait. As people discovered thebeer!
richness of the meat, they began to labor to harvest it