Barbeque America - A Brief Discussion of the Four Regional Barbeque Styles

People hear the word Barbecue, and it conjurestomato product, giving their sauce a completely
different images of food based on the region thedifferent look and level of tangy flavor.
person has lived most of their life. First, we mustMemphis Barbecue Style
distinguish Barbecue from general outdoor cooking withIn Memphis, and its surrounding region, they lean
a grill. The term Barbecue as I am using it in this article,toward pork ribs, but also will cook pork shoulder the
is for cooking meat in a wood or charcoal firedwhole hog or the occasional chicken. The Memphis
smoker, with indirect heat, at low temperature, for aspecialty though, is the Pork Spare rib. The Memphis
long period of time. I am not referring to the grilling ofBarbecue rib can be either served "Dry" like the ones
meat on an outdoor grill, using direct heat(meaningserved at the famous Barbecue place The
directly over the fire source) quickly at highRendezvous or wet. If served dry, the ribs are treated
temperature. Please do not take this the wrong way. Ito a rub prior to cooking, and are basted with a
love grilled foods, and would even consider myself amopping sauce throughout the cooking process. If
"grill master". But, that isn't Barbecue. I'm talking aboutserved "Wet", the ribs will receive a glazing with sauce
the real deal here, wood smoked pig, cow or chicken.near the end of the cooking process with a sauce that
Most barbecue experts would break the United Statesis tomato based, with ketchup as the primary
down into four geographic regions when it comes toingredient and will also contain vinegar, yellow mustard,
the preferential styles of barbecue. These are not hardbrown sugar, and red pepper sauce to taste. The
and fast rules along state and city territorial lines, butsauce is slightly sweet, slightly hot and tangy.
are merely generalizations for categorical purposes.Kansas City Barbecue Style
What delineates these regions from each other areLike Memphis, Kansas City is home of the Spare rib.
choice of meat, the makeup of various rubs andAlso found at many Kansas City BBQ joints is Beef
marinades, and ingredients in the finishing sauces. InBrisket. Kansas City style differs from Memphis in that
some of these regions there are furtherthe ribs are almost always coated with a very sticky
sub-preferences which will also be discussed. The foursweet, medium hot, tangy tomato based sauce. For
main regional styles are:Kansas City Barbecue fanatics it is all about the sauce.
They are passionate about their sauces.
1. Carolina styleTexas style Barbecue
2. Memphis styleBarbecue in Texas means Beef. Beef Brisket is king,
3. Kansas City stylebut they also serve beef ribs as well as pork ribs.
4. Texas style.Brisket requires great attention to detail to get it
Carolina Barbecue Styleproperly smoked using low and slow methods, and
The overwhelming characteristic of Carolina Stylemust be cooked at very low temperature for a long
Barbecue is whole hog smoking with a tangy vinegartime. The meat is first treated with a rub, and then
based sauce, which has a peppery bite to it. Carolinasmoked, sometimes served with a sauce, tomato
style can be further broken down into threebased and hot, usually on the side. The further west in
subcategories, Eastern North Carolina, Western NorthTexas one travels, the hotter the spices in the sauce
Carolina and south Carolina. These three sub-regionswill be.
all prefer the same type of meat, Pork (usually theThese are the four regional styles of real low and
whole hog, but pork shoulder and ribs will work as well).slow, wood smoked Barbecue in the United States. Of
The difference between Eastern and Western is thatcourse, there will be variations throughout these
Eastern doesn't use any tomato product in their sauce.regions, as barbecue is as diverse as the individuals
Western, even though the predominate ingredient iswho cook it, with every pit-master thinking their
vinegar, will also add some type of tomato productparticular version is best. There is vast amounts of
either tomato juice, tomato sauce or ketchup into thematerial that can be studied by the individual interested
sauce. South Carolina will add mustard instead of ain the traditions of real barbecue.